Overdraft (OD)
A type of credit facility granted to the eligible current account holder. The borrower is allowed to issue cheques exceeding the credit balance in the current account but subject to a certain pre-approved limit granted by the financial institution.
Term Loan
A loan that has a specified repayment schedule and a floating interest rate.
Term loans have a maximum duration up to 10 years.
Trade Financing (MOL)
In addition to the working capital financing, financial institutions also provide financing for SMEs that involved in domestic and international trade. Some of the common trade financing facilities provided by financial institutions are as follows:
Letter Of Credit (LC) Or Documentary Credit (DC)
1. Usage
For import or local purchases of goods, materials or equipment.
2. Process
– Issued by the buyer’s bank after the contract is concluded between seller and buyer.
– Seller consigns the goods to a carrier in exchange for a bill of lading.
– Seller gives bill of lading for payment from buyer’s bank.Buyer’s bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from the buyer.
– Buyer provides bill of lading to carrier and takes delivery of goods.
3. Benefits
– Can assure payment is made to the beneficiary
– Able to obtain a lower purchase price of the goods and longer payment terms, as the LC provides an indication of payment assurance, from the sellers’ perspective
– Documents presented will be examined by trade financing specialists
– Do not have to communicate with the foreign seller so often since the whole transaction will be routed through and handled by the financial institution.
Trust Receipts
1. Usage
Extends credit facility on bills drawn under the financial institution’s own LC. As such, customers do not have to make immediate payments on the LCs.
2. Features
A financing facility that enables a customer to accept delivery of their local/foreign purchases prior to payment of the sight bills being made by them.
3. Benefits
– Enables the customer to pay the seller promptly
– Enables the customer to take delivery of the goods without paying for it immediately
– Able to ease cashflow |
Banker’s Acceptance (BA)
1. Usage
Financing of a bona fide trade i.e. export, import or domestic trade transaction.
2. Features
– A draft (Bill of Exchange) drawn by customers to their order, payable on a specific future date and accepted by the financial institution for the purpose of financing a bona fide trade
3. Benefits
– Able to obtain immediate funds upon presentation of necessary documents
– Able to improve cash flow of the business since SMEs can obtain immediate funds from the financial institution |
Foreign Exchange Contracts (FEC)
1. Usage
Generally for businesses, with the following features:
– Regularly importing or exporting in foreign currencies
– Of a sizeable level
– With credit standing that is acceptable to the financial institution
2. Features
The buying and selling of foreign exchange on a spot or forward basis, in respect of foreign proceeds or payments to be made at sight or at a future determinable date.
– The minimum amount of financing is RM50,000 and in multiples of RM1,000 (Bunching is allowed)
3. Benefits
– Provides cash flow before proceeds for sale of goods on credit can be collected, or to finance purchases of raw materials for production
– Can always be sold at the prevailing market rate should the customer need immediate funds
– Provides two-way financing as BA financing is applicable for sales and purchases |
Bills of Exchange Purchased (BEP)
1. Usage
As a means of working capital financing for exporters.
2. Features
A facility provided by the financial institution for exporters, whereby the financial institution may purchase customers’ outward bills for collection and the customers’ account is credited immediately with the proceeds. |
透支（OD）
A型信贷额度授予合资格的经常账户持有人。借款人被允许超过信贷在目前的帐户余额，但受到一定的预核准额度的金融机构发出支票。
定期贷款
有一个指定的还款时间表和浮动利率计息。
有期贷款的最长期限可达10年。
贸易融资（MOL）
除了营运资金融资，金融机构也参与国内和国际贸易为中小企业提供融资。有些常见的贸易融资的金融机构所提供的如下：
信用证（LC）或跟单信用证（DC）
1。用法
对于进口或本地采购的货物，材料或设备。
2。特点
一家金融机构的书面承诺支付卖方一定量的金钱主题下列条件：
– 在出示指定文件所载的条款及条件的LC
– 在指定时间内限制
– 在指定的地方
3。优点
– 可以保证支付给受益人
– 能够获得更低的进货价的货物和更长的付款期限，LC提供付款保证的指示，从卖方的角度
– 文件提出将审查贸易融资专家
– 不要与国外卖家沟通，所以经常因为整个交易将被路由和处理的金融机构。
信托收据
1。用法
延长信贷额度根据金融机构的自身LC绘制票据。因此，客户不必到LC上的即时支付。
2。特点
融资信贷，使客户能够接受本地/外地采购交付前由他们的即期票据支付。
3。优点
– 使客户及时向卖方支付
– 使客户交付的货物不立即为它付出
– 能够缓解现金流
银行承兑汇票（BA）
1。用法
一个真正的贸易出口，进口或国内贸易交易融资。
2。特点
– 草案（汇票），绘制他们的订单的客户，须于未来某确定日期和接受善意贸易融资为目的的金融机构
3。优点
– 能够即时取得资金出示必要的文件
– 能够改善现金流的业务，因为中小企业可以从金融机构取得即时资金
外汇合约（FEC）
1。用法
一般对于企业来说，具有以下特点：
– 定期汇入或汇出外币
– 一个相当大的水平
– 信誉是可以接受的金融机构
2。特点
买入和卖出外汇即期或远期基础上，在尊重外国所得款项或在视线或在未来某一确定的日期付款。
– 融资的最低金额为RM50，000 RM1，000的倍数（集束允许）
3。优点
– 之前赊货销售所得款项提供现金流，可以收集，或资助购买原料进行生产
– 可以随时应客户需要即时资金按现行市场利率出售
– 提供双向融资BA融资适用于销售及采购
法案购汇（BEP）
1。用法
由于对出口商的营运资金融资的手段。
2。特点
由金融机构为出口商提供的一项服务，据此，金融机构可以收集和客户的帐户购买客户的押汇立即计入所得款项。
Malaysia
