As a refrigerant, isobutane poses a fire and explosion risk in addition to the hazards associated with non-flammable CFC refrigerants. Substitution of this refrigerant for motor vehicle air conditioning systems not originally designed for isobutane is widely prohibited or discouraged. R600a (isobutane) is refrigerant grade isobutane used as a replacement for R12 and R134a in a variety of high-temperature refrigeration applications.
R600a (isobutane) is a hydrocarbon that is becoming increasingly popular due to its low Global Warming Potential (GWP). It is the refrigerant of choice for domestic and light commercial refrigeration units, including fridges and freezers, drink dispensers and standalone display units.
| Properties | |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | C4H10 |
| Molar mass | 58.124 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density |
|
| Melting point | −159.42 °C (−254.96 °F; 113.73 K)[4] |
| Boiling point | −11.7 °C (10.9 °F; 261.4 K)[4] |
| Solubility in water | 48.9 mg⋅L−1 (at 25 °C (77 °F))[2] |
| Vapor pressure | 3.1 atm (310 kPa) (at 21 °C (294 K; 70 °F))[3] |
| Henry's law constant (kH) |
8.6 nmol⋅Pa−1⋅kg−1 |
| Conjugate acid | Isobutanium |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | −51.7·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Heat capacity (C) | 96.65 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH)298) |
−134.8 – −133.6 kJ⋅mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH)298) |
−2.86959 – −2.86841 MJ⋅mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Pictograms |  |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H220 |
| Precautionary statements | P210 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | −83 °C (−117 °F; 190 K) |
| Autoignition temperature |
460 °C (860 °F; 733 K) |
| Explosive limits | 1.4–8.3% |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
| PEL (Permissible) | None[5] |
| REL (Recommended) | TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)[5] |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | N.D.[5] |
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