What is HPV and How Can You Protect Yourself From HPV?

What is HPV?

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). There are over 200 types, some of which cause warts, while others are linked to cancers like cervical, anal, and throat cancer. Most HPV infections don’t cause symptoms and go away on their own, but some can lead to serious health issues.

How is HPV Transmitted?

HPV spreads through intimate skin-to-skin contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also spread through genital-to-genital contact, even without intercourse.

Who is at Risk?

Anyone who is sexually active is at risk. HPV is most common in teens and young adults, though it can affect anyone. Many people will have HPV at some point, but most won’t experience complications.

Health Risks of HPV

• Cervical cancer: HPV causes almost all cervical cancers.
• Genital warts: Some types cause warts, which are treatable but not cancerous.
• Throat cancer: Oral HPV can lead to cancers in the throat, tonsils, or tongue.

Prevention

• Get vaccinated: The HPV vaccine prevents the most harmful strains. It’s recommended for boys and girls at age 11-12 but can be given up to age 26.
• Use condoms: While they don’t fully prevent HPV, condoms lower the risk.
• Get regular screenings: Women should have Pap smears or HPV tests to detect early cell changes that may lead to cancer.

Treatment

There’s no cure for HPV itself, but related health issues can be treated:

• Genital warts: Can be treated with medication or procedures.
• Cervical cell changes: Early treatment can prevent cancer.

Conclusion

HPV is common and often harmless, but certain strains can lead to cancer. Vaccination, safe practices, and regular screenings are key to preventing HPV-related health issues.