Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine, most commonly seen in adolescents. The exact cause of the most common type of scoliosis remains unknown, but it appears to be linked to genetic factors, as the condition sometimes runs in families.
Most cases of scoliosis are mild, but some curves can worsen as a child grows. Severe scoliosis can be disabling. Especially serious spinal curves may reduce the amount of space within the chest, making it difficult for the lungs to function properly.
Doctors typically use X-rays to closely monitor children with mild scoliosis to see if the curve is worsening. In many cases, no treatment is needed. Some children may need to wear a brace to prevent the curve from getting worse. Others may require surgery to correct severe curvature.
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